They Say I Say:
Exercise 1 November 5 2011
Topic: War
Summary 1:
I strongly disagree with war! I think its Pointless. It leads us no here, but to destruction. I am one of those people that still believes in world peace, and is against war. In the past history there have been many many wars. There have been MILLIONS of innocent people killed. but NO ONE seems to learn from this. It makes me really upset when i see in the news a reporter talking about whats going on in Iraq or elsewhere. War is STUPID, i hate and I always will.
Summary 2:
However many and most people believe that war is the key to letting other Countries know who you are. If you don't stand up for yourself and for your people you will only get crushed under more powerful Countries. They believe that fighting will only make you stronger and more powerful.
Exercise 1 November 5 2011
Topic: War
Summary 1:
I strongly disagree with war! I think its Pointless. It leads us no here, but to destruction. I am one of those people that still believes in world peace, and is against war. In the past history there have been many many wars. There have been MILLIONS of innocent people killed. but NO ONE seems to learn from this. It makes me really upset when i see in the news a reporter talking about whats going on in Iraq or elsewhere. War is STUPID, i hate and I always will.
Summary 2:
However many and most people believe that war is the key to letting other Countries know who you are. If you don't stand up for yourself and for your people you will only get crushed under more powerful Countries. They believe that fighting will only make you stronger and more powerful.
Purposes of Arguments
-People write for many different purposes, not just to win or convince
- Writers or speakers argue to discover some truth
- Writers and speakers have as many purposes for arguing as for using language, including- in addition to winning- to inform, to convince, to explore, to make decisions, even to meditate or pray.
Arguments to Inform
- Informative arguments are intended to persuade.
- Informative arguments are intended to persuade.
- They are argumentative because their main purpose it so inform an audience about something they didn't know.
- Political campaigns use arguments to inform extensively, as well.
Arguments to Convince
- Reports typically aim to persuade readers rather than win out over opponents.
- The presence of whom you might disagree with is always implied.
- People use facts to report their objective conclusion.
Arguments to Explore
- Exploratory pieces present and defend solutions.
- Exploratory pieces present and defend solutions.
- Exploratory arguments may be deeply personal.
- The essential argument in any such piece is the writer's assertion that a problem exists.
Arguments to Make Decisions
-One way to go about making decisions is to argue your way through several alternatives.
- Examine pros and cons about an alternative
- Argue for a particular decision.
Arguments to Meditate or Pray
- Writer or speaker is hoping to transform something in him.
- A sort of meditation argument can be found in the stainedglass windows of churches or other public buildings.
- The effectiveness of arguments depends not only on the purpose of the writer but also on the context surrounding the plea.
Occasions for Arguments
- Depends on the occasion that calls for them.
- Can be about time
- Can span more than one category.
Arguments about the Past
- Establish exactly what happened in time.
- Rely heavily on precedents
- Can be arguments about character
Arguments about the Future
- They establish policies for the future.
- Often draw in evidence and testimony
- Rely on prior forensic arguments.
Arguments about the Present
- They tend to be heard at public occasions, they include inaugural addresses, sermons, eulogies, graduations speeches, and civic remarks of all kinds.
- Ceremonial arguments can be passionate and eloquent, rich in anecdotes and examples.
- Are sometimes about contemporary values- the ethical premises and assumptions that are widely held (or contested) within a society.
Kinds of Argument
- The questions are passed in sequence, because each depends on the question(s) preceding it.
- Together the question helped determine the point of contention in an argument
- The status or stasis show the kinds of issues they address.
Arguments of Fact
- They involve statements that can be proved or disproved with specific evidence or testimony.- Such arguments are often quiet subtle, involving layers of complexity not apparent when the question is initially posed.
- Questions of this sort can be disputed primarily on the facts
Arguments of Definition
- Involves determining whether one known subject or action belongs in a second- more highly contested- category.
- Issues of definition can have mighty consequences- and decades of debate may leave the matter unresolved.
- To argue such cases, one would first have to put forth definitions.
Arguments of Evaluation
- They question about equality.
- They question about equality
- They are common that writers sometimes take them for granted.
Proposal Arguments
- It has to present a problem.
- Often begins with the presentation of research to document existing conditions.
- Knowing and explaining the status quo enable writers to explore appropriate and visible alternatives.
Audiences for Arguments
- No arguments can be effective unless it talks compellingly to others
- As a writer you will be addressing an intended reader.
- Thinking carefully about the context of argument will almost always rise question of value.
Considering Context
- Reading always takes place in what you might think of as a series of contexts.
